Content (Syllabus outline)
Ontology and metaphysics; general mnetaphysics and special metaphysics. Science of being qua being. What is common to all being? Esse, Being, Sein - is (ist, je). Different applications of is (to be). Philosophical way: Aristotle is. Everyday usage: "Aristotle is = Aristotle exists." "Is" as a copula - it connects subject and predicate: Aristotle is a man. Aristotle is bald. Man at the picture is Aristotle - "is" still as a copula but with additional function - identity. "Is" has at least three different interpretations in logic: as existence, as predication; as identity.
Categories as a basic aim of ontology. Categories as highest genera of being. The role of ontological phainomena - elementar. Fundamental and not just determined by time.
Six basic ontological phainomena:
Being - Existence.
Complex (traditionaly presented as Problem of Unity)
Numerical difference and equality (traditionaly presented as problem of Individuation)
Relations.
Duration in time and the problem of change (traditionaly presented as Problem of Identity)
Qualitative identity and difference (traditionaly presented as Problem of Universals).
Intended learning outcomes - knowledge and understanding
On completion of this course the student will be able to
read and interprete philosophical texts
criticaly assess of different positions on what there is
rational argumentation of different positions in oral and written way
evaluation of some basic categorial systems
rational argumentations for oragainst sparse and abundant ontologies.
rational justification of ontological decisions in everyday's life.
Readings
Viri (odlomki iz tekstov):
Berilo/Reader - odlomki iz klasičnih tekstov Tomaža Akvinskega, Alberta Velikega, Aristotela, D. Armstronga, G. Bergmanna, A. Boetija, B. Bolzana, F. Brentana, R. Chisholma, R. Descartesa, Dunsa Scota, G. Fregeja, N. Goodmana, N. Hartmanna, M. Heideggra, D. Huma, E. Husserla, I. Kanta, G. Leibniza, M. Louxa, A. Meinonga, W. Ockhama, Parmenida, Platona, Plotin, Quine, Russell, W. Sellarsa, P. Strawsona, L. Wittgensteina.
